PAL

PAL (Phase Alternating Line) is an analog color television system used in most of Europe, Australia, and many other regions worldwide. It uses a 4.43 MHz color subcarrier with 625 lines / 50 Hz timing.

Regional variants

For RF tuner/broadcast purposes, PAL has several regional variants:

• PAL-B/G — Western Europe
• PAL-I — UK, Ireland
• PAL-D/K — China, Eastern Europe
• PAL-M — Brazil (uses 525/60 timing like NTSC)
• PAL-N — Argentina, Uruguay

For AV input purposes (composite/S-Video), most PAL equipment uses standard "PAL 4.43" color decoding regardless of the broadcast variant.