XLR is a series of circular multi-pin electrical connectors widely used in professional audio, video, and broadcast equipment. The three-pin variant (XLR-3) is the most common, serving as the standard connector for balanced analog audio signals in broadcast and production environments. XLR connectors feature a locking mechanism that prevents accidental disconnection, making them well-suited for critical signal paths.
In the context of professional VTRs and broadcast equipment documented on EveryCRT, XLR connectors are found on virtually all studio-grade tape machines (such as the Sony BVW and PVW Betacam series, U-matic decks, and 1-inch Type C VTRs) for balanced audio line inputs and outputs, as well as for timecode (LTC) connections. They are also found on professional CRT monitors with balanced audio inputs.
Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Pin count (common variants) | 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 |
| Impedance | Typically 50–75Ω (audio applications) |
| Voltage rating | Up to 200V peak |
| Contact resistance | <10 mΩ |
| Coupling mechanism | Latching tab (push-release) |
| Standards | IEC 61076-2-103 |
Pin Configuration (3-pin XLR)
| Pin | Function |
|---|---|
| 1 | Ground / Shield |
| 2 | Signal + (hot) |
| 3 | Signal − (cold) |
Male XLR connectors (pins exposed) are used on equipment outputs, while female XLR connectors (pin sockets) are used on equipment inputs. This convention ensures that the signal source (output) always has exposed pins and the destination (input) has recessed sockets.
See Also
- BNC — Standard connector for video signals on professional equipment
- RCA (connector) — Consumer-grade audio/video connector
